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Differences in the Driver's Behavior when Driving through a Pedestrian Crossing at Night and in the Daytime
Vlasák, Jaroslav ; Semela, Marek (referee) ; Maxera, Pavel (advisor)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis focuses on the drivers reacting on a pedestrian crossing during the day and the night. A particular attention is paid to all the factors that can influence drivers' behaviour while driving through a pedestrian crossing. The influence of the behaviour by these factors often causes car accidents with pedestrians. One of the basic techniques is to analyze the behavior of the driver in the optical perception of stimuli that affect the optical response. Eyetracker is used to measure the optical responses. This device monitors changes of the angle of a driver's view, navigation of a driver and the driver's reaction on different stimuli while driving. The practical part of the thesis deals with an analysis of the drivers' behaviour while driving through a pedestrian crossing during the day and during the night. Twelve drivers took part in the day measurement of driving through the pedestrian crossing in Brno. Night measurement was taken place in Břeclav and Lednice with the attendance of seven drivers. During the ride are monitored the optical reactions of drivers on various impulses with the use of a special device Eyetracker.
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Analysis of driver’s conduct during solving of situations associated with pedestrians crossing the road
Maxera, Pavel ; Kolíbal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Rábek, Vlastimil (referee) ; Kledus, Robert (advisor)
The doctoral thesis analyses driver’s conduct while solving situations associated with crossing of pedestrians across the road in cases of various design of pedestrian crossings and at different conditions. The thesis deepens the knowledge of the human factor impact on the occurrence of a traffic accident involved vehicle and pedestrian and thesis also complements knowledge for the needs of the analysis of traffic accidents, especially in solving the pre collision phase and at assessment of possibilities for collision prevention by involved participants. The thesis deals with driver’s conduct, various models of the conduct as well as the thesis focuses on the visual perception, the process of information processing, the driver’s conduct and the reaction time. In terms of the solution suitable types of experiments were designed and implemented. Based on performed measurements a method of processing and evaluating data on drivers’ conduct was found as well as more significant data set was obtained for a detailed analysis of drivers' conduct in different driving situations. The assessed quantities of drivers' conduct were analysed with respect to the dangerousness of driving situations. For these purposes, the categories of the dangerousness of driving situations were defined (situations completely safe, with increased danger, dangerous and critical), into which the analysed driving situations were subsequently included. To enable the quantification of this classification of situations into the categories of the dangerousness, the coefficient of the dangerousness (so called K) was defined. From the detailed analysis of the obtained data, the limit values of this coefficient were determined, and these were subsequently verified using data from the solution of real traffic accidents. Concurrently the analysis verified the suitability of using this hazard coefficient in the analysis of traffic accidents, especially for a detailed assessment of the possibilities of collision prevention.
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Analysis of driver’s conduct during solving of situations associated with pedestrians crossing the road
Maxera, Pavel ; Kolíbal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Rábek, Vlastimil (referee) ; Kledus, Robert (advisor)
The doctoral thesis analyses driver’s conduct while solving situations associated with crossing of pedestrians across the road in cases of various design of pedestrian crossings and at different conditions. The thesis deepens the knowledge of the human factor impact on the occurrence of a traffic accident involved vehicle and pedestrian and thesis also complements knowledge for the needs of the analysis of traffic accidents, especially in solving the pre collision phase and at assessment of possibilities for collision prevention by involved participants. The thesis deals with driver’s conduct, various models of the conduct as well as the thesis focuses on the visual perception, the process of information processing, the driver’s conduct and the reaction time. In terms of the solution suitable types of experiments were designed and implemented. Based on performed measurements a method of processing and evaluating data on drivers’ conduct was found as well as more significant data set was obtained for a detailed analysis of drivers' conduct in different driving situations. The assessed quantities of drivers' conduct were analysed with respect to the dangerousness of driving situations. For these purposes, the categories of the dangerousness of driving situations were defined (situations completely safe, with increased danger, dangerous and critical), into which the analysed driving situations were subsequently included. To enable the quantification of this classification of situations into the categories of the dangerousness, the coefficient of the dangerousness (so called K) was defined. From the detailed analysis of the obtained data, the limit values of this coefficient were determined, and these were subsequently verified using data from the solution of real traffic accidents. Concurrently the analysis verified the suitability of using this hazard coefficient in the analysis of traffic accidents, especially for a detailed assessment of the possibilities of collision prevention.
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Differences in the Driver's Behavior when Driving through a Pedestrian Crossing at Night and in the Daytime
Vlasák, Jaroslav ; Semela, Marek (referee) ; Maxera, Pavel (advisor)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis focuses on the drivers reacting on a pedestrian crossing during the day and the night. A particular attention is paid to all the factors that can influence drivers' behaviour while driving through a pedestrian crossing. The influence of the behaviour by these factors often causes car accidents with pedestrians. One of the basic techniques is to analyze the behavior of the driver in the optical perception of stimuli that affect the optical response. Eyetracker is used to measure the optical responses. This device monitors changes of the angle of a driver's view, navigation of a driver and the driver's reaction on different stimuli while driving. The practical part of the thesis deals with an analysis of the drivers' behaviour while driving through a pedestrian crossing during the day and during the night. Twelve drivers took part in the day measurement of driving through the pedestrian crossing in Brno. Night measurement was taken place in Břeclav and Lednice with the attendance of seven drivers. During the ride are monitored the optical reactions of drivers on various impulses with the use of a special device Eyetracker.
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Driver’s behavior while passing through pedestrian crossing analysis
Kledus, Robert ; Semela, Marek ; Maxera, Pavel ; Kunovský, Martin ; Křižák, Michal
The article deals with analysis of 8 drivers’ behavior while driving through pedestrian crossing during dusk and night. Monitored vehicle passes through modern crosswalk in urban area that is marked with horizontal and vertical road signs. The crossing is illuminated from left side from the direction of travel. Pedestrian is protected with safety island, which is marked with “passing on the right” mandatory sign, in the middle of the road. Optical reactions on various stimuli are monitored while driving with the help of the specialized device Viewpointsystem®, GmgH for monitoring changes of driver’s viewing angle. Drivers’ behavior strategies when passing the crosswalk are compared in this thesis. Monitored are driver’s navigation while driving and his reaction on the crossing pedestrian. Dangerousness of each driving situation is assessed and each strategy is evaluated. Results of this analysis are based on extensive driving tests that were realized in close cooperation of Institute of Forensic Engineering, University of Technology in Brno and research institute EPIGUS – Institut für ganzheitliche Unfall- und Sicherheitforshung from Austria in year 2010.
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